Most Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow symptoms are self-limiting.
What is Tennis Elbow?
Tennis Elbow, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition that leads to pain at the outside of the elbow. It occurs when the tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle (a bony prominence on the outer part of your elbow) become overworked, often because of repetitive wrist and arm motions as we age.
While this condition got its name from tennis players who frequently use backhand strokes, Tennis Elbow can also develop in people who perform activities such as painting, carpentry, typing or even playing a musical instrument.
SYMPTOMS OF Tennis Elbow
- Pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow
- Weak grip strength, especially when shaking hands or gripping objects
- Pain that radiates down the forearm
- Increased discomfort when lifting or bending the arm, or when twisting the forearm (as in turning a doorknob)
What is Golfer’s Elbow?
Golfer’s Elbow, also known as medial epicondylitis, affects the inside of the elbow. This condition occurs when the tendons attaching to the medial epicondyle (on the inside of the elbow) degenerate, often as we age. Despite its name, Golfer’s Elbow isn’t limited to golfers. It can affect anyone who uses repetitive wrist or finger motions, such as in weightlifting, throwing sports or even gardening.
Symptoms of Golfer’s Elbow
- Pain and tenderness on the inside of the elbow
- Stiffness in the elbow joint
- Weakness in the hand and wrist
- Tingling or numbness that can radiate down to the fingers
- Increased pain when making a fist, flexing the wrist or gripping objects
Key Differences Between Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow
The main difference between these two conditions is the location of the pain. Tennis Elbow affects the outer part of the elbow, while Golfer’s Elbow impacts the inner part. Both are caused by repetitive strain, but the specific tendons involved vary.
The activities that tend to cause each condition are also slightly different. Tennis Elbow is more commonly associated with activities that involve wrist extension and repetitive hand movements (such as backhand tennis strokes or typing), while Golfer’s Elbow involves wrist flexion and finger motion (such as a golfer’s grip or lifting weights).
Treatment Options for Tennis and Golfer’s Elbow
In most cases, both Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow can be treated without surgery. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and strengthening the affected tendons. Symptoms often improve with time alone.
1. Rest and Activity Modification
To minimize pain, the first line of treatment is to rest the affected arm and modify activities that may be causing strain. In most cases, it is OK to push through some pain, but avoiding repetitive motions and consideration of using a brace or compression sleeve to support the elbow during activities may minimize symptoms.
2. Ice and Anti-Inflammatory Medications
Applying ice to the affected area can reduce swelling and pain. Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as oral ibuprofen or topical diclofenac, can help manage discomfort.
3. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is crucial for both conditions. A therapist can guide you through exercises that strengthen the muscles and tendons surrounding the elbow. Stretching exercises can also help improve flexibility and reduce painful stress on the tendons.
4. Corticosteroid Injections
In some cases, a corticosteroid injection may be considered to reduce pain. However, these are typically considered after other treatments have not been effective, as injections may lead to an eventual perception of rebound pain and repeated injections can weaken tendons.
5. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy
PRP injections are a treatment option that involves using the patient’s own blood, which is processed to concentrate the platelets. The platelets are then injected into the injured area to promote a healing response.
6. Surgery (In Rare Cases)
If conservative treatments fail to improve symptoms after six to 12 months, surgery may be offered. Surgical intervention typically involves removing the degenerative portion of the tendon.
Preventing Elbow Injuries
Developing Tennis or Golfer’s Elbow can be very common as we age. It’s important to focus on injury prevention. Some steps to consider include:
- Strengthening exercises for the muscles of the forearm and wrist.
- Ergonomic adjustments at work or during activities that involve repetitive arm motion.
- Stretching and warm-up routines before engaging in sports or activities that involve the arms.
Most Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow symptoms are self-limiting. They may get better with time alone, but many treatments exist that can minimize painful symptoms to make activities more comfortable. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most people can return to normal activities with minimal symptoms and without the need for surgery. If you’re experiencing persistent elbow pain, it’s important to consult a medical professional to determine the cause and the best treatment plan. FBN
By Derek B. Smith, M.D.
Derek B. Smith, M.D., is a fellowship-trained and board-certified orthopaedic surgeon with a focus on hand, wrist, and elbow surgery. He welcomes patients to his Flagstaff and Cottonwood locations. He is renowned for his expertise in non-surgical care and cutting-edge surgical techniques that promise superior patient outcomes.
For more details about Dr. Smith and the comprehensive services available at Flagstaff Bone and Joint, visit our website at www.flagstaffboneandjoint.com, call 928-773-2280, or text 928-628-6391. Our committed team is here to assist you in achieving a swift recovery and a return to an active, pain-free lifestyle.
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