How to Spot Melanoma

Why should you check your moles? This question is always discussed at the dermatologist’s office. The cancer that arises from moles is called melanoma and it is the fifth most common cancer across all age groups that we see in the United States. Unfortunately, the rates of melanoma are continuing to increase and have doubled since 1988. While many other cancers can only be seen with special imaging like CT scans and require bloodwork for diagnosis, melanoma is usually seen with a naked eye and thus is subject to early detection. If diagnosed early, melanoma has an excellent prognosis and is typically treated with a surgical excision under local anesthesia. While we do have a number of excellent therapies available for later stages of melanoma, unfortunately, they are not always effective and 7,650 people still have died from melanoma in the United States in 2022.

Who is Most at Risk?

Typically, people with light-colored skin and light-colored hair (red or blonde) are at the highest risk for melanoma. People with darker skin complexion can still develop melanoma and many times it occurs on acral surfaces such as palms and feet. Newly diagnosed cases of melanoma are higher in women than in men before age 50. However, by age 65, the melanoma incidence rates double in men, who are also more likely to die from this disease. While in some individuals there could be genetic predisposition to melanoma, the majority of these skin cancers are caused by ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Statistically, we know that someone who has experienced five or more blistering sunburns between ages 15-20 years old has an increased risk of developing melanoma by 80%. Similarly, tanning bed use increases the risk of melanoma development by age 50.

What to Look for in Moles

You should regularly examine your entire body, including scalp and hidden areas such as groin, buttocks, palms, soles and between the toes for changing moles. Dermatologists follow ABCDE rule, which outlines the warning signs of melanoma.

The ABCDEs of Melanoma

See the ABCDE‘s of Melanoma.

What to Do About an Abnormal or Changing Mole

If you observe a changing mole or a new mole that looks different from the other moles, you should schedule an appointment to see a board-certified dermatologist as soon as possible. Always remember to protect yourself from sunburns by using a good sunscreen and physical sun blockers such as a hat and sun protective clothing. FBN

By Kristina Paley, M.D.

Kristina Paley, M.D., FAAD, received her medical degree from Cornell University Weill Medical College and her undergraduate degree at Hunter College in New York City. She completed her dermatology residency training and fellowship in cutaneous oncology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Prior to joining Northern Arizona Dermatology Center, she spent the past six years in Pittsburgh, where she practiced general surgical and cosmetic surgery. Dr. Paley is board certified by the American Board of Dermatology and is a fellow of the American Academy of Dermatology. While her primary interest is in cutaneous oncology, Dr. Paley is passionate about all aspects of dermatology, including general, surgical and cosmetic dermatology and is dedicated to treating patients of all ages.  For more information, contact  Northern Arizona Dermatology Center, PC.  1490 N Turquoise Dr, Flagstaff, AZ  86001  928-774-5074